STEMCELLS

WHAT ARE STEM CELLS

Stem cells are termed as such when they multiply themselves and can differentiate into other cells. So you can mature to different cell types and affect adjacent cell types by the delivery of signaling substances. Stem cells repair, regenerate, have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, have a positive effect on immune modulation AND do not produce any side effects if / when they are endogenous to the body. Stem cells are attracted to inflamed, weakened or damaged tissue, then activated and then develop their regenerative effect locally.

WHICH FORMS OF STEM CELLS ARE THERE

In principle, a distinction is made between embryonic and adult stem cells, whereby the umbilical cord stem cells already belong to the group of adult stem cells.

EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS

Embryonic stem cells are the first cells that arise directly after the fusion of egg and sperm. They can develop into any of the more than 200 cell types of the body. Since the extraction ethically rightly is very critical and therefore is also very well regulated, they are mainly in the research their legitimacy.

ADULT STEM CELLS

Adult stem cells are the stem cells that are used in everyday clinical practice. They are responsible for the regeneration of special body tissue. They are present everywhere in the organism to replace damaged cells or cells degenerated by the aging process (apoptosis) and thus to support the process of regeneration. However, this process decreases in the course of life. Thus, a young person recovers faster, while the process slows down more and more with advancing age.So when we talk about stem cell therapy, it’s always using the body’s own adult stem cells.

Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells

Roughly, adult stem cells differ in two groups. There is a large group of hematopoietic stem cells that can form any kind of blood cells, but not necessarily tissues such as skin, cartilage, nerves or muscle cells. They are found mainly in the bone marrow and the umbilical cord.Stem cells from umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord tissue are no longer embryonic but already adult, i.e. mature multipotent stem cells. However, umbilical cord contains only a very small number of stem cells at all, which are mainly attributed to the hematopoietic, i.e. hematopoietic stem cells.

There is on the other hand the large group of mesenchymal adult stem cells. They can be isolated from various tissues such as skin, muscle but also all organs. These mesenchymal stem cells are identical in their character regardless of their origin localization, so that they can replace each other at any time. The highest proportion of mesenchymal stem cells can be found in the body’s own adipose tissue. The reason for this is quite obvious: while we renew our skin regularly, for example, and need and use the local stem cells there, this is only rarely necessary for the fat, so that here lies the largest reservoir of mesenchymal stem cells.Mesenchymal stem cells have a high potential to differentiate into different cell types and tissues. They are highly anti-inflammatory and have a regenerative effect on any form of tissue. Thus, you have an inexhaustible field of indication – not only in orthopedics for the healing of cartilage, tendons, ligaments and the treatment of chronic inflammation or in wound healing but also in autoimmune or chronic inflammatory neurological diseases.

WHAT CAN STEM CELLS

Stem cells are the “maintainance team” in the human body. Stem cells are silent and inactive until activated. Only when a problem such as an inflammation, injury, or cell death occurs, they become active and start to work. Once activated, they accomplish their tasks and multiply and differentiate themselves into the localized and injured or diminished tissues. In case of a skin injury, the activated stem cells start z. B. to strengthen the partially damaged cells and to replace the completely damaged cells. Stem cells are therefore crucial for the renewal of the skin.Unfortunately, stem cells are not infinitely available in the various areas, so that an aging process becomes visible when local stem cells are depleted or overused by inflammation / injury and healing / repair can no longer be achieved.The idea of a stem cell therapy is the relocation of the same mesenchymal stem cell type from little or almost unused areas (in our case from the highly potent fatty tissue) to where they are needed for aging or injury. There, they unfold various mechanisms necessary for perfect healing and regeneration.

ANTI INFLAMMATORY

Inflammations are defense reactions of the immune system. Often, in an inflammatory reaction, parts of the diseased tissue are rejected. As inflammation progresses, whole tissues can be destroyed. A treatment success depends on the early anti-inflammatory, which has always been addressed by medication. Mesenchymal stem cells from the body’s own adipose tissue form a particularly highly potent and successful therapy alternative WITHOUT side effects. The administered stem cells migrate to the centers of inflammation in the body and produce on-site anti-inflammatory factors (cytokines). Thus, inflammatory processes in the body as well as in wound healing and inflammatory signs of the musculoskeletal system can be positively influenced and enable a healing

REGENERATION (CELL RENEWAL)

Damaged tissue can only partially recover itself.Stem cells can multiply and develop into various types of tissue (muscle, cartilage, tendon, bone, nerve or fat cells), and regenerate them

ADVANTAGES OF STEM CELL THERAPY

Stem Cell Therapy treats body weaknesses that can not be regenerated on their own or through other treatments.

- No surgery and little swelling thanks to minimally invasive surgery.
- Reduction of the risk of infection due to the lack of surgery and the anti-infective mechanism of MSCs
- Regeneration of damaged tissue (skin, cartilage, tendons, intervertebral discs …)
- Complication-free, fast-acting therapy (within one day)
- Outpatient treatment possible
- Faster recovery
- Combine with surgery for faster healing
- Fast return to physical activities

HOW ARE STEM CELLS ISOLATED?

Adult stem cells have already been isolated from many adult human organs. The most important donor is adipose tissue, as it contains the majority of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which have the capacity not only to reduce inflammation, but also to transform into cartilage, bone, muscle, skin, hair or subcutaneous fatty tissue. Adult stem cells from adipose tissue have also proved to be the most important cells for regenerative medicine, because they are relatively simple and, above all, low-risk to gain and are often available in large enough quantities.The isolation of mesenchymal stem cells also takes place in well-studied and established steps. Here we distinguish the mechanical from the enzymatic separation

MECHACNICAL ISOLATION

In this “single stage” outpatient process, the body’s own fat is extracted via lipoaspiration and cleaned in a saline, sterile, and closed point of care system. The cells are only minimally manipulated so that they retain their original character.The preparation of the fatty tissue begins with filtering the fat to remove fibrous fragments. Thereafter, the filtered material is emulsified in a next step and then washed with saline WITHOUT the use of enzyme additives or other substances to remove oil and blood debris that may cause inflammation. The end product thus processed from the body’s own fatty tissue retains the biological properties of the natural fat binding tissue in this way and is not subjected to any significant manipulation. Mechanically derived stem cells – SVF – fulfill a biomechanical and filling effect when transferred to the intra-articular space, thereby providing protection – and damping function for the surrounding tissues and organs. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QD6lhDkEHo

SVF can differentiate into different cell lines such as bones, cartilage and also muscle and, incidentally, releases a significantly higher number of growth factors than blood products. The combination of both systems presents all the advantages of orthobiology at once. Additional use of ACP or PRP can trigger cell proliferation and differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells located in SVF.

ENZYMATIC ISOLATION

The extracted fat is put in a sterile closed fully automated system – the Icellator X (www.tissuegenesis.com) in the Or room. So the icellator X is a point of care system. As a result, cells are never altered or manipulated at any time. Then, in a fully automated process, the stem cells are enzymatically separated from the fat aspirate. The isolated stem cells are available to the patient after about 65 minutes.So the treatment can be done with the stem cells obtained on the day of fat extraction.In contrast to the mechanically obtained stem cells, the stem cells obtained by an enzyme are not only intended for use in large joints or the skin because of their purity and their consistency, but can also be introduced into very small joints and above all into the bloodstream. This significantly increases the possibility of treatment, as it also treats chronic inflammatory diseases of the CNS, such as M. Parkinson, AD or MS, since these cells can be introduced into the bloodstream and thus into the system.However, the use of an enzyme to isolate cells is currently allowed only in the Bahamas and Japan, and is not permitted in both the US and the EU.If this therapy proves to be useful for you, as you need an intravenous dose, for example, to treat a Parkinson’s disease or a rheumatological disease affecting the whole body, you can seek advice from us and (if desired) we accompany you for your treatment to Okyanos, our exclusive stem cell partner clinic in Freeport, Grand Bahama. http://www.okyanos.com/

WHERE DO WE USE STEM CELLS?

Stem cells are always used when there is tissue damage or inflammation. They are responsible for the regeneration and repair of body tissues, so that body cells such as connective tissue, cartilage, tendons, heart, nerves and skin are regularly renewed and repaired.

If there are tissue damage that the body cannot reverse by itself or with other treatments, and if the local stem cells are too weak or are no longer sufficiently available, stem cell therapy supports the healing process through the targeted administration of endogenous stem cells from adipose tissue (autologous mesenchymal stem cells).

Due to the strong anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties of the body’s own stem cells, stem cell therapy opens up great possibilities for medicine.

Stem cells have become established as a key element of regenerative medicine because of their ability to differentiate into a variety of different cell lines. In addition, they are extremely attractive for clinical use because of their capacity to paracrine secretion of a wide range of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Especially the anti-apoptotic (cell death), anti-inflammatory, vascular, immunomodulatory and scar-breaking effects make these cells very interesting for any kind of regenerative medicine.

Since adult mesenchymal stem cells are the most promising cell types for cell-based therapies and are unconsumed in fat, adipose tissue has been the source tissue for a rich and relatively easily accessible source of regenerative cell production. Hence the term ADSC: adipose-derived stromal cells. ADSCs are multipotent and can differentiate into different cell types such as osteophytes (bone), chondrocytes (cartilage), adipocytes, neuronal cells (nerves), vascular endothelial cells (vascular cells), cardiomyocytes (heart cells), pancreatic β-cells and hepatocytes (liver cells ). The additional secretion of trophic factors as well as their immunosuppressive properties and low immunogenicity maximizes the therapeutic and regenerative outcome in a wide range of applications and makes them very relevant for clinical applications. Consequently, the therapeutic potential of ADSCs is enormous, virtually excluding side effects, and the single area area is large:

- Muscle and vision injury
- Scar and wound healing
- Bone regeneration with the help of stem cells
- Cartilage regeneration using stem cells
- Parkinson
- Anti-Aging

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KNEE AND HEALTH INSTITUTE
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